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<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">locale – POSIX cultural localization API</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#probing-the-current-locale">Probing the Current Locale</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#currency">Currency</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#formatting-numbers">Formatting Numbers</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#parsing-numbers">Parsing Numbers</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dates-and-times">Dates and Times</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="module-locale">
<span id="locale-posix-cultural-localization-api"></span><h1>locale – POSIX cultural localization API<a class="headerlink" href="#module-locale" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Purpose:</th><td class="field-body">Format and parse values that depend on location or language.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Python Version:</th><td class="field-body">1.5 and later</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-locale" title="locale: POSIX cultural localization API"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">locale</span></tt></a> module is part of Python’s internationalization and
localization support library. It provides a standard way to handle
operations that may depend on the language or location of a user. For
example, it handles formatting numbers as currency, comparing strings
for sorting, and working with dates. It does not cover translation
(see the <a class="reference internal" href="../gettext/index.html#module-gettext" title="gettext: Message Catalogs"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">gettext</span></tt></a> module) or Unicode encoding.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Changing the locale can have application-wide ramifications, so the
recommended practice is to avoid changing the value in a library and
to let the application set it one time. In the examples below, the
locale is changed several times within a short program to highlight
the differences in the settings of various locales. It is far more
likely that your application will set the locale once at startup and
not change it.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="probing-the-current-locale">
<h2>Probing the Current Locale<a class="headerlink" href="#probing-the-current-locale" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The most common way to let the user change the locale settings for an
application is through an environment variable (<tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">LC_ALL</span></tt>,
<tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">LC_CTYPE</span></tt>, <tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">LANG</span></tt>, or <tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">LANGUAGE</span></tt>, depending on the
platform). The application then calls <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">setlocale()</span></tt> without a
hard-coded value, and the environment value is used.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">locale</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">codecs</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">sys</span>
<span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stdout</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">codecs</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getwriter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'UTF-8'</span><span class="p">)(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stdout</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c"># Default settings based on the user's environment.</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setlocale</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LC_ALL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">''</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'Environment settings:'</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">env_name</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="s">'LC_ALL'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'LC_CTYPE'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'LANG'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'LANGUAGE'</span> <span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="se">\t</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> = </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">env_name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">environ</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">env_name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">''</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c"># What is the locale?</span>
<span class="k">print</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'Locale from environment:'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getlocale</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">template</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"""</span>
<span class="s">Numeric formatting:</span>
<span class="s"> Decimal point : "</span><span class="si">%(decimal_point)s</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s"> Grouping positions : </span><span class="si">%(grouping)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Thousands separator: "</span><span class="si">%(thousands_sep)s</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s">Monetary formatting:</span>
<span class="s"> International currency symbol : "</span><span class="si">%(int_curr_symbol)r</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s"> Local currency symbol : </span><span class="si">%(currency_symbol)r</span><span class="s"> (</span><span class="si">%(currency_symbol_u)s</span><span class="s">)</span>
<span class="s"> Symbol precedes positive value : </span><span class="si">%(p_cs_precedes)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Symbol precedes negative value : </span><span class="si">%(n_cs_precedes)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Decimal point : "</span><span class="si">%(mon_decimal_point)s</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s"> Digits in fractional values : </span><span class="si">%(frac_digits)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Digits in fractional values, international: </span><span class="si">%(int_frac_digits)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Grouping positions : </span><span class="si">%(mon_grouping)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Thousands separator : "</span><span class="si">%(mon_thousands_sep)s</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s"> Positive sign : "</span><span class="si">%(positive_sign)s</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s"> Positive sign position : </span><span class="si">%(p_sign_posn)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s"> Negative sign : "</span><span class="si">%(negative_sign)s</span><span class="s">"</span>
<span class="s"> Negative sign position : </span><span class="si">%(n_sign_posn)s</span><span class="s"></span>
<span class="s">"""</span>
<span class="n">sign_positions</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'Surrounded by parentheses'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="mi">1</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'Before value and symbol'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="mi">2</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'After value and symbol'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="mi">3</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'Before value'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="mi">4</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'After value'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CHAR_MAX</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'Unspecified'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">info</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="n">info</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">update</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">localeconv</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="n">info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'p_sign_posn'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sign_positions</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'p_sign_posn'</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="n">info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'n_sign_posn'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sign_positions</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'n_sign_posn'</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="c"># convert the currency symbol to unicode</span>
<span class="n">info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'currency_symbol_u'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'currency_symbol'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">decode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'utf-8'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">template</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">info</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">localeconv()</span></tt> method returns a dictionary containing the
locale’s conventions. The full list of value names and definitions is
covered in the standard library documentation.</p>
<p>A Mac running OS X 10.6 with all of the variables unset produces this output:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ export LANG=; export LC_CTYPE=; python locale_env_example.py
Environment settings:
LC_ALL =
LC_CTYPE =
LANG =
LANGUAGE =
Locale from environment: (None, None)
Numeric formatting:
Decimal point : "."
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator: ","
Monetary formatting:
International currency symbol : "'USD '"
Local currency symbol : '$' ($)
Symbol precedes positive value : 1
Symbol precedes negative value : 1
Decimal point : "."
Digits in fractional values : 2
Digits in fractional values, international: 2
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator : ","
Positive sign : ""
Positive sign position : Before value and symbol
Negative sign : "-"
Negative sign position : Before value and symbol</pre>
</div>
<p>Running the same script with the <tt class="xref py py-data docutils literal"><span class="pre">LANG</span></tt> variable set shows how
the locale and default encoding change:</p>
<p>France (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fr_FR</span></tt>):</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ LANG=fr_FR LC_CTYPE=fr_FR LC_ALL=fr_FR python locale_env_example.py
Environment settings:
LC_ALL = fr_FR
LC_CTYPE = fr_FR
LANG = fr_FR
LANGUAGE =
Locale from environment: ('fr_FR', 'ISO8859-1')
Numeric formatting:
Decimal point : ","
Grouping positions : [127]
Thousands separator: ""
Monetary formatting:
International currency symbol : "'EUR '"
Local currency symbol : 'Eu' (Eu)
Symbol precedes positive value : 0
Symbol precedes negative value : 0
Decimal point : ","
Digits in fractional values : 2
Digits in fractional values, international: 2
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator : " "
Positive sign : ""
Positive sign position : Before value and symbol
Negative sign : "-"
Negative sign position : After value and symbol</pre>
</div>
<p>Spain (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">es_ES</span></tt>):</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ LANG=es_ES LC_CTYPE=es_ES LC_ALL=es_ES python locale_env_example.py
Environment settings:
LC_ALL = es_ES
LC_CTYPE = es_ES
LANG = es_ES
LANGUAGE =
Locale from environment: ('es_ES', 'ISO8859-1')
Numeric formatting:
Decimal point : ","
Grouping positions : [127]
Thousands separator: ""
Monetary formatting:
International currency symbol : "'EUR '"
Local currency symbol : 'Eu' (Eu)
Symbol precedes positive value : 1
Symbol precedes negative value : 1
Decimal point : ","
Digits in fractional values : 2
Digits in fractional values, international: 2
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator : "."
Positive sign : ""
Positive sign position : Before value and symbol
Negative sign : "-"
Negative sign position : Before value and symbol</pre>
</div>
<p>Portgual (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pt_PT</span></tt>):</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ LANG=pt_PT LC_CTYPE=pt_PT LC_ALL=pt_PT python locale_env_example.py
Environment settings:
LC_ALL = pt_PT
LC_CTYPE = pt_PT
LANG = pt_PT
LANGUAGE =
Locale from environment: ('pt_PT', 'ISO8859-1')
Numeric formatting:
Decimal point : ","
Grouping positions : []
Thousands separator: " "
Monetary formatting:
International currency symbol : "'EUR '"
Local currency symbol : 'Eu' (Eu)
Symbol precedes positive value : 0
Symbol precedes negative value : 0
Decimal point : "."
Digits in fractional values : 2
Digits in fractional values, international: 2
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator : "."
Positive sign : ""
Positive sign position : Before value and symbol
Negative sign : "-"
Negative sign position : Before value and symbol</pre>
</div>
<p>Poland (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pl_PL</span></tt>):</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ LANG=pl_PL LC_CTYPE=pl_PL LC_ALL=pl_PL python locale_env_example.py
Environment settings:
LC_ALL = pl_PL
LC_CTYPE = pl_PL
LANG = pl_PL
LANGUAGE =
Locale from environment: ('pl_PL', 'ISO8859-2')
Numeric formatting:
Decimal point : ","
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator: " "
Monetary formatting:
International currency symbol : "'PLN '"
Local currency symbol : 'z\xc5\x82' (zł)
Symbol precedes positive value : 1
Symbol precedes negative value : 1
Decimal point : ","
Digits in fractional values : 2
Digits in fractional values, international: 2
Grouping positions : [3, 3, 0]
Thousands separator : " "
Positive sign : ""
Positive sign position : After value
Negative sign : "-"
Negative sign position : After value</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="currency">
<h2>Currency<a class="headerlink" href="#currency" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The example output above shows that changing the locale updates the
currency symbol setting and the character to separate whole numbers
from decimal fractions. This example loops through several different
locales to print a positive and negative currency value formatted for
each locale:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">locale</span>
<span class="n">sample_locales</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'USA'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'en_US'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'France'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'fr_FR'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Spain'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'es_ES'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Portugal'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pt_PT'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Poland'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pl_PL'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sample_locales</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setlocale</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LC_ALL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%20s</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">%10s</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="si">%10s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">currency</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1234.56</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">currency</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1234.56</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The output is this small table:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ python locale_currency_example.py
USA: $1234.56 -$1234.56
France: 1234,56 Eu 1234,56 Eu-
Spain: Eu 1234,56 -Eu 1234,56
Portugal: 1234.56 Eu -1234.56 Eu
Poland: zł 1234,56 zł 1234,56-</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="formatting-numbers">
<h2>Formatting Numbers<a class="headerlink" href="#formatting-numbers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Numbers not related to currency are also formatted differently
depending on the locale. In particular, the <em>grouping</em> character used
to separate large numbers into readable chunks is changed:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">locale</span>
<span class="n">sample_locales</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'USA'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'en_US'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'France'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'fr_FR'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Spain'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'es_ES'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Portugal'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pt_PT'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Poland'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pl_PL'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%20s</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="si">%15s</span><span class="s"> </span><span class="si">%20s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Locale'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'Integer'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'Float'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sample_locales</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setlocale</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LC_ALL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%20s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%15d</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">123456</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">grouping</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%20.2f</span><span class="s">'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">123456.78</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">grouping</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To format numbers without the currency symbol, use <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">format()</span></tt>
instead of <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">currency()</span></tt>.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ python locale_grouping.py
Locale Integer Float
USA 123,456 123,456.78
France 123456 123456,78
Spain 123456 123456,78
Portugal 123456 123456,78
Poland 123 456 123 456,78</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="parsing-numbers">
<h2>Parsing Numbers<a class="headerlink" href="#parsing-numbers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Besides generating output in different formats, the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-locale" title="locale: POSIX cultural localization API"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">locale</span></tt></a>
module helps with parsing input. It includes <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">atoi()</span></tt> and
<tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">atof()</span></tt> functions for converting the strings to integer and
floating point values based on the locale’s numerical formatting
conventions.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">locale</span>
<span class="n">sample_data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'USA'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'en_US'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'1,234.56'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'France'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'fr_FR'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'1234,56'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Spain'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'es_ES'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'1234,56'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Portugal'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pt_PT'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'1234.56'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Poland'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pl_PL'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'1 234,56'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sample_data</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setlocale</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LC_ALL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">atof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%20s</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">%9s</span><span class="s"> => </span><span class="si">%f</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The grouping and decimal separator values</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ python locale_atof_example.py
USA: 1,234.56 => 1234.560000
France: 1234,56 => 1234.560000
Spain: 1234,56 => 1234.560000
Portugal: 1234.56 => 1234.560000
Poland: 1 234,56 => 1234.560000</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dates-and-times">
<h2>Dates and Times<a class="headerlink" href="#dates-and-times" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Another important aspect of localization is date and time formatting:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">locale</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">time</span>
<span class="n">sample_locales</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'USA'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'en_US'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'France'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'fr_FR'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Spain'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'es_ES'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Portugal'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pt_PT'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'Poland'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'pl_PL'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sample_locales</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setlocale</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LC_ALL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s">'</span><span class="si">%20s</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">'</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">time</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">strftime</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nl_langinfo</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">D_T_FMT</span><span class="p">)))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ python locale_date_example.py
USA: Sun Oct 24 08:53:42 2010
France: Dim 24 oct 08:53:42 2010
Spain: dom 24 oct 08:53:42 2010
Portugal: Dom 24 Out 08:53:42 2010
Poland: ndz 24 paź 08:53:42 2010</pre>
</div>
<p>This discussion only covers some of the high-level functions in the
<a class="reference internal" href="#module-locale" title="locale: POSIX cultural localization API"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">locale</span></tt></a> module. There are others which are lower level
(<tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">format_string()</span></tt>) or which relate to managing the locale for
your application (<tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">resetlocale()</span></tt>).</p>
<div class="admonition-see-also admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<dl class="last docutils">
<dt><a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/locale.html">locale</a></dt>
<dd>The standard library documentation for this module.</dd>
<dt><a class="reference internal" href="../gettext/index.html#module-gettext" title="gettext: Message Catalogs"><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">gettext</span></tt></a></dt>
<dd>Message catalogs for translations.</dd>
</dl>
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